Archive for category physical ergonomics

ClearType: Font smoothing and usability

What a difference ClearType makes! Windows does not turn this feature on by default, and I am not used to displays without this feature. While I am not a typographer, the difference is quite evident to me. Without ClearType:

With ClearType:

These two links explain a lot about why ClearType works and why it eases eye strain.

Anti-aliasing on OS X
ClearType on Windows

This is a case of physical ergonomics, but not about understanding arm length or knee flexibility. Instead, it’s about understanding how our eyes work and adapting systems to that fact.

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Pointy Wiimotes

The original Nintendo Entertainment System was released in North America in 1985. It was quite the revolution in gamin, and its controller did not take into account the ergonomics of the hand. It was quite pointy:

Fast forward 16 years to 2001, and the Nintendo GameCube shows how far design has come in understanding how our hands grip things and how best to design controllers to effortlessly fit human hands.

But now, with the Wii, there is the Wii Remote, or Wiimote. It is held in your hand like a remote, and there and several easy-to-reach buttons for most games. However, for other games, there are alternative control schemes. For example, in Super Paper Mario, you play the entire game holding the remote sideways.

The pointiness has returned. WIth Super Smash Brothers Brawl, there are many different ways to control the game. One way is to turn the controller sideways, which is, once again, pointy. Many gamers have said they prefer to use the GameCube controller with this game because of how much more comfortable it is.

Options are a good thing, generally. The Wii enables more analogous control for many games, such as Tennis or Bowling. But for other games, you need a more traditional controller. At least the designers of Brawl understood that the Wiimote is not the optimal control and allowed for others. Not all games allow for this, which means users are back to pointy controllers jabbing into our hands.

Miscellaneous Note: Controller design has been remarkably difficult for consoles throughout the ages. The original Microsoft XBox controller, for example, was a monstrosity:

It was rumored that the controller was too big for most Japanese hands, so Microsoft had to redesign the whole thing to be sold overseas. Whoops. Penny Arcade even made a non-work safe comic about it (NSFW due to language).

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Tune Folder Push Sound

Concerning my last post regarding hard vs. soft buttons, here is an example of labeling gone horribly wrong. This is from my car.

Civic Radio

What does TUNE FOLDER PUSH SOUND mean? This is both a dial AND a button. Let’s go through this:

  • Tune: In radio mode, you can twist the dial to tune the radio to a certain frequency
  • Folder: In MP3 disc mode, you can twist the dial to change folders. Presumably, your CD has its MP3s organized in folders by band, album, genre, etc.
  • Sound: You can push the button at the center of the dial to bring up the sound options such as the level of treble and bass.

So this dial/button serves three functions. The dial does both Tune and Folder and are mutually exclusive because you cannot be in Radio and MP3 Disc mode at the same time. The button does Sound and is accessible from any function. So the Honda engineers decided to use the least understandable label, TUNE FOLDER PUSH SOUND.

It’s understandable that you don’t want two dials and one button all separate on the dash, as that would lead to button overload. But this kind of mislabeling can only lead to confusion. One ideal solution may be technological: have the button face be a little screen that can change based on the current function. If you’re in radio mode, have it say TUNE. If you’re listening to an MP3 disc, have it say FOLDER.

This may sound futuristic, and it kind of is. But this technology is already starting to creep out. For example, the Optimus Maximus keyboard has keys with OLED (organic light emitting diodes) displays that can change depending on how you program it. This, sadly, is the best video demo that I could find. But I can imagine this sort of low-power display being used everywhere, including my Civic’s sound system:

By the way: the cost of this keyboard? Only $462.27.

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Hard vs. Soft buttons

Our world is surrounded by buttons and dials with permanent labels. They are labeled with numbers, letters, symbols, and words, telling us what will happen if we push them. There is no better example than with remote controls.

remotes

The problem is that complex devices contain many functions. Remote controls then become button behemoths that require squinting and searching through a ridiculous amount of clutter to find the single button you want. Too much clutter leads to long visual search times and frustrated technology users.

So how do you make it easier to access a variety of functions without presenting too many choices at once? A great example that isn’t often thought about is that of the menus in a computer interface. The large number of functions are organized (and hidden) under larger category titles. Remotes attempt to mimic this by at least organizing similar functions together. For example, Play, Pause, and Stop all tend to cluster together.

iphone keyboard
harmony 1000
The one hardware requirement for something like menus is a screen. You can create buttons of any size or shape at any time, leading to a dynamic display, similar to opening menus on a computer. This philosophy is taken by several products, including the iPhone and a universal remote, the Logitech Harmony 1000. By not having (many) dedicated hardware buttons, the user interface becomes infinitely flexible, allowing for more creativity to get at a multitude of functions.

One unexpected, interesting, and downright sensible complaint, however, is the lack of tactile feedback by pressing on a screen. Users don’t actually know if they’ve pressed the button or not. The iPhone, for example, displays an on-screen keyboard, and users have complained about how hard it is to type on a keyboard like that. Other devices, such as the BlackBerry or Palm Treos, have a dedicated hardware keyboard. While this leaves less screen space for the device itself, users love being able to quickly hammer out messages.

harmony one The BlackBerry may offer the proper compromise: have some dedicated hardware buttons for commonly used features, but have a touchscreen that can hide away other features and provide the dynamic interface that is so often called for. In terms of remotes, the Logitech Harmony One may do the trick: a number pad to change channels, video controls, and a directional pad. Buttons that are common to many electronic devices, and then a touch screen to take care of the rest.

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Microsoft Packaging Craziness

A very funny video circulated a long time ago asking the question, “What if Microsoft designed the iPod box?” The proposed re-design that followed Microsoft’s packaging guidelines was HILARIOUS and embedded here for your viewing pleasure:

While the Microsoft Vista box is not as ugly as the Microsoft I-pod box, it apparently is hard to open. Hard enough that it warrants a help page on the Microsoft site that includes the 3-step instructions on how to open the box. There are pictures involved, thankfully, since the text instructions are ridiculously confusing:

1. On the top of the box, cut along the grooves on either side of the Microsoft Certificate of Authenticity label.
2. Peel the red tabbed label off the front of the box and discard.
3. Holding the box with the Windows logo facing you, grasp the red tab on the top of the box, and pull it to the right to open the box as shown here.

This is an excellent example of why we need Human Factors.

Vista Box

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